Porphyria: Ranitidine may cause attacks of a condition called acute porphyria a disorder that affects the production of heme in the body. People with a history of acute porphyria should not take ranitidine. Stomach cancer: Using medications such as ranitidine may prevent symptoms of stomach cancer from being noticed.
If you have recurrent vomiting, difficulty swallowing, blood in the stool, significant unintentional weight loss, fatigue anemia , or are coughing up blood, check with your doctor right away. If you have heartburn that worsens or returns after using this medication continuously for 2 weeks, check with your doctor. Pregnancy: This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks.
If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately. Breast-feeding: This medication passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking ranitidine, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding. Children: The safety and effectiveness of using this medication have not been established for children less than 8 years of age.
Children between the ages of 8 years and 16 years of age, should only use this medication under the supervision of a doctor. Seniors: Seniors may be more likely to experience interactions with other medications when taking ranitidine. If you are a senior, your doctor should closely monitor your condition. If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist.
Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:. An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them.
Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed. Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter non-prescription , and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take.
Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them. All material copyright MediResource Inc. For pregnant women: Research in animals has not shown that this drug poses a risk to a pregnancy. However, animal studies do not always predict the way humans would respond. That said, this drug should only be used in pregnancy if clearly needed. Call your doctor right away if you become pregnant while taking this drug.
For women who breastfeeding: You should tell your doctor before taking this drug. Ranitidine may pass into breast milk and cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. You may need to ask your doctor to help you weigh the benefits of breastfeeding versus taking this drug. For seniors: The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to.
In rare cases, this drug may cause confusion, agitation, depression, and hallucinations. These problems happen most often in seniors who are very ill. For children: Ranitidine has not been confirmed as safe and effective in children younger than 1 month for any condition. Ranitidine has not been confirmed as safe and effective in people younger than 18 years for conditions where the stomach makes too much acid.
These conditions include Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Disclaimer: Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date.
However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional.
You should always consult your doctor or other healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.
Find ways to relieve or prevent heartburn after eating. Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD is a chronic condition that affects nearly 20 percent of American adults.
Learn the complications from GERD…. Do you prefer tea to coffee? If you have acid reflux, a cup of chamomile tea may have additional health benefits.
Stomach ulcers are open sores in the lining of the stomach. They are often extremely painful. Read on to learn about easy stomach ulcer home remedies…. GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease is a chronic form of heartburn. Learn about symptoms and treatment.
Numerous over-the-counter medications can help treat GERD, or heartburn. Learn more about your options for treating GERD and when you should see a…. H2 receptor blockers can be used to treat conditions that cause excess stomach acid. Learn about the side effects of these medications. Zantac is an over-the-counter OTC drug that can ease heartburn.
Excess stomach acid and the damage it can cause can happen in babies. Learn if Zantac may be an option for your baby. For example, the manufacturer recommends a dosage of mg PO every 24 hours or 50 mg IV every 18 to 24 hours. Depending upon the patient's condition, the PO or IV dosage may be cautiously increased to every 12 hours if required.
Intermittent hemodialysis Ranitidine is removed to some degree by hemodialysis. The patient's normal dosage schedule based on CrCl should be adjusted, when possible, so that the timing of a regularly scheduled dose coincides with the end of a hemodialysis session. All oral dosage forms: May be administered without regard to meals. May administer with food, water, or milk to minimize gastric irritation.
Oral Solution Syrup : Measure with calibrated oral syringe or cup prior to administration to give an accurate dosage. Alternatively, ranitidine oral solution may be administered via feeding tube in patients requiring enteral feeding.
No interaction with food was noted, thus, no medication administration changes are necessary. Visually inspect parenteral products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit; undiluted ranitidine tends to exhibit a yellow color that may intensify over time that does not adversely affect potency. Administer via the intramuscular IM or intravenous IV routes.
Pharmacy bulk vial package is only available for preparing admixtures; the pre-mixed infusion bags are only for slow IV infusion administration. Storage of diluted injection: Diluted solutions are stable for up to 48 hours at room temperature.
IV Push Dilute to a maximum of 2. Intermittent IV infusion Dilute to a maximum of 0. Premixed ready-to-use bags are for slow IV administration only; infuse over 15—20 minutes. The diluted solution is stable for up to 48 hours at room temperature. Infuse over 24 hours at a rate of 6. For Zollinger-Ellison patients, dilute in D5W or NS or another compatible solution up to a maximum concentration of 2. Use a controlled-rate infusion device. Alternatively, the dosage may be added to a compatible TPN solution for administration over 24 hours.
No dilution necessary. Inject into a large muscle mass. Aspirate prior to injection to avoid injection into a blood vessel.
H2 blockers can be used in combination with certain antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Almost all antibacterial agents have been associated with pseudomembranous colitis antibiotic-associated colitis which may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. In the colon, overgrowth of Clostridia may exist when normal flora is altered subsequent to antibacterial administration.
The toxin produced by Clostridium difficile is a primary cause of pseudomembranous colitis. It is known that systemic use of antibiotics predisposes patients to development of pseudomembranous colitis. Consideration should be given to the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis in patients presenting with diarrhea following antibacterial administration. Systemic antibiotics should be prescribed with caution to patients with inflammatory bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis or other GI disease.
If diarrhea develops during therapy, the drug should be discontinued. Following diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis, therapeutic measures should be instituted. In milder cases, the colitis may respond to discontinuation of the offending agent. In moderate to severe cases, fluids and electrolytes, protein supplementation, and treatment with an antibacterial effective against Clostridium difficile may be warranted. Products inhibiting peristalsis are contraindicated in this clinical situation.
Practitioners should be aware that antibiotic-associated colitis has been observed to occur over two months or more following discontinuation of systemic antibiotic therapy; a careful medical history should be taken. Ranitidine is contraindicated in any patient hypersensitive to the drug or its components. Cross-sensitivity in this class of compounds has been observed, so ranitidine should be administered with caution to patients with a history of H2-blocker hypersensitivity.
An incidence of cross-reactivity among this class of agents is not currently available. Symptomatic response to therapy with ranitidine does not preclude the presence of gastric cancer. In the patient who is self-medicating with OTC ranitidine formulations, the continuation of heartburn, acid indigestion, or dyspepsia beyond 2 weeks signals the need to consult a health-care professional for evaluation. Symptomatic response to therapy with ranitidine does not preclude the presence of H.
Ranitidine therapy does not appear to interfere with the sensitivity of gastric urease biopsy or urea breath-tests for the detection of H. H2-blockers, as single agents, will not eradicate H. Because ranitidine is metabolized in the liver, caution should be observed in patients with hepatic disease. Nevertheless, studies in patients with hepatic dysfunction compensated cirrhosis indicate that there are minor, but clinically insignificant, alterations in ranitidine half-life, distribution, clearance, and bioavailability.
Ranitidine should be used cautiously in those patients with renal disease, specifically in those with renal impairment or renal failure. Accumulation of ranitidine can occur. The safety and efficacy of ranitidine have been established in children and infants from 1 month to 16 years of age for most indications. Dosages and efficacy have not been established for hypersecretory conditions or the maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis in pediatric patients.
Ranitidine has been used successfully in critically ill children and infants for the purpose of stress-ulcer or acid-reflux prophylaxis see Dosage. There is limited information on ranitidine use in neonates. Ranitidine elimination is decreased in premature neonates compared to term neonates; dosage adjustment is required in this population see Dosage. Self-medication i. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies with ranitidine in pregnant women; animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus.
Human epidemiological evidence has not suggested an association between the drug and congenital defects in first-trimester exposure. In , a population-based observational cohort study explored a possible link between gastric acid suppressive therapy e. For developing allergy or asthma, an increased OR of 1.
Proposed possible mechanisms for a link include: 1 exposure to increased amounts of allergens could cause sensitization to digestion-labile antigens in the fetus; 2 the maternal Th2 cytokine pattern could promote an allergy-prone phenotype in the fetus; 3 maternal allergen-specific immunoglobulin could cross the placenta and sensitize fetal immune cells to food and airborne allergens. Study limitations were present, and confirmation of results are necessary before further conclusions can be drawn from this data.
Self-medication during pregnancy is not recommended; pregnant patients should see their health care professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Limited use of single dosages of ranitidine for reducing gastric acid during labor and before obstetric delivery, including caesarian section, have not been noted to adversely affect labor or neonatal outcomes.
The manufacturer recommends that caution be used with administering ranitidine to women who are breast-feeding their infants. Ranitidine is excreted into human breast milk. Milk concentrations increase with time after the administration of a maternal oral dose. Mean maternal milk:plasma ratios at 2 and 6 hours after a single oral dose are 1.
In a single-patient study, maternal milk:plasma ratios at 1. Prior to measuring milk and serum concentrations, the patient had previously received 5 doses of mg ranitidine given every 12 hours. The pre-dose milk:plasma concentration was Because it appears that milk concentrations are highest approximately 12 hours after a dose, the authors recommend mothers consider nursing within 2 hours after taking ranitidine, if possible.
The effect of ranitidine or the resultant decrease in gastric acidity on the nursing infant is not known. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics has considered the use of cimetidine, a related agent that is also excreted into breast milk, to be usually compatible with breast-feeding due to a lack of reported adverse effects in nursing infants.
Most experts consider H-2 blockers to be of low-risk to the nursing infant. Consider the benefits of breast-feeding, the risk of potential infant drug exposure, and the risk of an untreated or inadequately treated condition. If a breast-feeding infant experiences an adverse effect related to a maternally ingested drug, healthcare providers are encouraged to report the adverse effect to the FDA.
Rare reports have suggested that ranitidine may precipitate acute porphyric attacks in patients with acute porphyria. It is recommended that ranitidine be avoided in these patients. Tobacco smoking appears to contribute to an increased risk of developing peptic ulcer disease PUD and may also impair ulcer healing or increase the risk of ulcer recurrence.
Encourage patients taking ranitidine to discontinue tobacco smoking if diagnosed with PUD. Rarely, bradycardia has been reported with the rapid intravenous administration of ranitidine injection. In most cases, bradycardia was observed in patients with factors predisposing to cardiac rhythm disturbances. When administering ranitidine injection, the recommended rates of administration should not be exceeded; caution is warranted in elderly patients as well as patients with underlining cardiac disease.
No special precautions for ranitidine use have been advised for geriatric patients vs. Critically ill, elderly patients in some uncontrolled studies have been more likely to exhibit central nervous system CNS reactions to the H2-receptor antagonists.
Elderly patients may also be more likely to experience a reduction in heart rate during the rapid administration of ranitidine injection. If the H2-antagonist is used for longer than 12 weeks, clinical rationale and documentation should support an underlying chronic disease e.
Dosing should be based on renal function. Adverse consequences of medication therapy include new or worsening headaches, confusion, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, dysphagia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, or other GI symptoms. Also, ranitidine has anticholinergic properties which may be problematic in the elderly. Daily treatment with gastric acid-suppressing medication such as nizatidine over a long period of time e.
One large case-controlled study compared patients with and without an incident diagnosis ofvitamin B12 deficiency. In addition, a dose-dependant relationship was evident, as larger daily pill counts were more strongly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. The possibility of cyanocobalamin deficiency should, therefore, be considered if clinical symptoms are observed. Acalabrutinib: Moderate Separate the administration of acalabrutinib and H2-blockers if these agents are used together; administer acalabrutinib 2 hours before the H2-blocker.
Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device not a kitchen spoon. It may take up to 8 weeks before your ulcer heals. Keep using your medications as directed and call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 6 weeks. Your doctor may recommend an antacid to help relieve pain.
Carefully follow your doctor's directions about the type of antacid to use, and when to use it. Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. Overdose symptoms may include lack of coordination, feeling light-headed, or fainting. Health Topics. Health Tools. Zantac Ranitidine. Generic Name: Ranitidine.
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